Latin Numbers and Numerals
Latin or Roman numerals work by repeating and combining the following digits: I, V, X, L and C.
When a digit is repeated more than once, it is added. So II is 1+1 and III 1+1+1
A smaller digit is added to a larger digit when it occurs before the larger, so VIII is 5+1+1+1. However, where a smaller digit occurs after a larger digit it is subtracted, so IX is 10 - 1.
So, for example 28 could be XXVIII 10+10+5+1+1+1 or XX1X 10+10+10-1.
There are a few further rules but the above cover the majority of situations.
| English | Latin numerals | Cardinal numerals |
|---|---|---|
| One | I | unus |
| Two | II | duo |
| Three | III | tres |
| Four | IV | quattuor |
| Five | V | quinque |
| Six | VI | sex |
| Seven | VII/td> | septem |
| Eight | VIII | octo |
| Nine | IX | novem |
| Ten | X | decem |
| Eleven | XI/td> | undecim |
| Twelve | XII | duodecim |
| Thirteen | XIII | tredecim |
| Fourteen | XIV | quattuordecim |
| Fifteen | XV | quindecim |
| Sixteen | XVI | sedecim |
| Seventeen | XVII | septendecim |
| Eighteen | XVIII | duedeveginti |
| Nineteen | XIX | uneviginti |
| Twenty | XX | viginti |
| Thirty | XXX | triginta |
| Forty | XL | quadraginta |
| Fifty | L | quinquaginta |
| Sixty | LX | sexaginta |
| Seventy | LXX | septuaginta |
| Eighty | LXXX | octoginta |
| Ninety | XC | nonaginta |
| One hundred | C | centum |
| One thousand | M | mille |